#include <iostream>

class A
{
public:
  A() : w(1), v(2) {}
  virtual ~A() {}
  
  virtual void foo() {
    std::cout << "A::foo " << this << " " << w << std::endl;
  }
  
  virtual void quux() = 0;
  
  virtual void quuux(int a) {
    std::cout << "A::quuux " << this << " " << w << " " << a << std::endl;
  }
  
private:
  int w, v;
};

class B : public virtual A
{
public:
  B() { x = 3; }
  ~B() {}
  
  void foo() {
    std::cout << "B::foo " << this << " " << x << std::endl;
  }
  
  virtual void bar() {
    std::cout << "B::bar "  << this << " " << x << std::endl;
  }

  void quux() {
    std::cout << "B::quux "  << this << " " << x << std::endl;
  }
  
private:
  int x;
};

class C : public virtual A
{
public:
  C() { y = 4; }
  
  virtual void baz() {
    std::cout << "C::baz "  << this << " " << y << std::endl;
    foo();
    quux();
  }
private:
  int y;
};

class D : public B, public C
{
public:
  D() { z = 5; }
  
  virtual void quux() {
    std::cout << "D::quux "  << this << " " << z << std::endl;
  }
  
private:
  int z;
};

typedef void(*method)(A*, int);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  B *b = new B();
  D *d = new D();
  
  // no pointer adjustment
  d->bar();
  d->quux();
  
  // pointer adjustment
  d->baz();
  d->quuux(1);
  
  delete d;
}

/*
An instance of D
(gdb) x/12xw d
0x614ea0:       0x00401308      0x00000000      0x00000003      0x00000000
0x614eb0:       0x00401348      0x00000000      0x00000004      0x00000005
0x614ec0:       0x00401390      0x00000000      0x00000001      0x00000002

Its B vtable
(gdb) x/8xg 0x4012f0
0x4012f0 <_ZTV1D>:      0x0000000000000020      0x0000000000000000
0x401300 <_ZTV1D+16>:   0x00000000004015f0      0x0000000000400d30
0x401310 <_ZTV1D+32>:   0x0000000000400d98      0x00000000004010fe
0x401320 <_ZTV1D+48>:   0x0000000000401166      0x00000000004011ec

Its C vtable
(gdb) x/8xg 0x401330
0x401330 <_ZTV1D+64>:   0x0000000000000010      0xfffffffffffffff0
0x401340 <_ZTV1D+80>:   0x00000000004015f0      0x0000000000400eaa
0x401350 <_ZTV1D+96>:   0x00000000004011da      0x0000000000401217
0x401360 <_ZTV1D+112>:  0x0000000000000000      0xffffffffffffffe0

Its A vtable
(gdb) x/8xg 0x401378
0x401378 <_ZTV1D+136>:  0xffffffffffffffe0      0xffffffffffffffe0
0x401388 <_ZTV1D+152>:  0x00000000004015f0      0x00000000004011e0
0x401398 <_ZTV1D+168>:  0x000000000040121d      0x0000000000400d8e
0x4013a8 <_ZTV1D+184>:  0x000000000040115c      0x0000000000400c20

(gdb) x/1i  0x00000000004015f0
   0x4015f0 <_ZTI1D>:   test   $0x1d,%al
(gdb) x/1i  0x0000000000400d30
   0x400d30 <B::foo()>: push   %rbp
(gdb) x/1i  0x0000000000400d98
   0x400d98 <B::bar()>: push   %rbp
(gdb) x/1i  0x00000000004010fe
   0x4010fe <D::quux()>:        push   %rbp
(gdb) x/1i  0x0000000000401166
   0x401166 <D::~D()>:  push   %rbp
(gdb) x/1i  0x00000000004011ec
   0x4011ec <D::~D()>:  push   %rbp

(gdb) x/1i  0x0000000000400eaa
   0x400eaa <C::baz()>: push   %rbp
(gdb) x/2i  0x00000000004011da
   0x4011da <_ZThn16_N1DD1Ev>:  sub    $0x10,%rdi
   0x4011de <_ZThn16_N1DD1Ev+4>:        jmp    0x401166 <D::~D()>
(gdb) x/2i  0x0000000000401217
   0x401217 <_ZThn16_N1DD0Ev>:  sub    $0x10,%rdi
   0x40121b <_ZThn16_N1DD0Ev+4>:        jmp    0x4011ec <D::~D()>

(gdb) x/3i  0x00000000004011e0
   0x4011e0 <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD1Ev>:        mov    (%rdi),%r10
   0x4011e3 <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD1Ev+3>:      add    -0x18(%r10),%rdi
   0x4011e7 <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD1Ev+7>:      jmpq   0x401166 <D::~D()>
(gdb) x/3i  0x000000000040121d
   0x40121d <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD0Ev>:        mov    (%rdi),%r10
   0x401220 <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD0Ev+3>:      add    -0x18(%r10),%rdi
   0x401224 <_ZTv0_n24_N1DD0Ev+7>:      jmp    0x4011ec <D::~D()>
(gdb) x/3i  0x0000000000400d8e
   0x400d8e <_ZTv0_n32_N1B3fooEv>:      mov    (%rdi),%r10
   0x400d91 <_ZTv0_n32_N1B3fooEv+3>:    add    -0x20(%r10),%rdi
   0x400d95 <_ZTv0_n32_N1B3fooEv+7>:    jmp    0x400d30 <B::foo()>
(gdb) x/3i  0x000000000040115c
   0x40115c <_ZTv0_n40_N1D4quuxEv>:     mov    (%rdi),%r10
   0x40115f <_ZTv0_n40_N1D4quuxEv+3>:   add    -0x28(%r10),%rdi
   0x401163 <_ZTv0_n40_N1D4quuxEv+7>:   jmp    0x4010fe <D::quux()>
(gdb) x/1i  0x0000000000400c20
   0x400c20 <A::quuux(int)>:    push   %rbp

(gdb) x/80i main
...
   0x400a48 <main(int, char**)+66>:     mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rdx
   0x400a4c <main(int, char**)+70>:     mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400a50 <main(int, char**)+74>:     mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a53 <main(int, char**)+77>:     add    $0x8,%rax
   0x400a57 <main(int, char**)+81>:     mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a5a <main(int, char**)+84>:     mov    %rdx,%rdi
   0x400a5d <main(int, char**)+87>:     callq  *%rax

   0x400a5f <main(int, char**)+89>:     mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400a63 <main(int, char**)+93>:     mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a66 <main(int, char**)+96>:     add    $0x10,%rax
   0x400a6a <main(int, char**)+100>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a6d <main(int, char**)+103>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rdx
   0x400a71 <main(int, char**)+107>:    mov    %rdx,%rdi
   0x400a74 <main(int, char**)+110>:    callq  *%rax

   0x400a76 <main(int, char**)+112>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400a7a <main(int, char**)+116>:    lea    0x10(%rax),%rdx
   0x400a7e <main(int, char**)+120>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400a82 <main(int, char**)+124>:    mov    0x10(%rax),%rax
   0x400a86 <main(int, char**)+128>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a89 <main(int, char**)+131>:    mov    %rdx,%rdi
   0x400a8c <main(int, char**)+134>:    callq  *%rax

   0x400a8e <main(int, char**)+136>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400a92 <main(int, char**)+140>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a95 <main(int, char**)+143>:    sub    $0x18,%rax
   0x400a99 <main(int, char**)+147>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400a9c <main(int, char**)+150>:    mov    %rax,%rdx
   0x400a9f <main(int, char**)+153>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400aa3 <main(int, char**)+157>:    add    %rax,%rdx
   0x400aa6 <main(int, char**)+160>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400aaa <main(int, char**)+164>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400aad <main(int, char**)+167>:    sub    $0x18,%rax
   0x400ab1 <main(int, char**)+171>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400ab4 <main(int, char**)+174>:    mov    %rax,%rcx
   0x400ab7 <main(int, char**)+177>:    mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rax
   0x400abb <main(int, char**)+181>:    add    %rcx,%rax
   0x400abe <main(int, char**)+184>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400ac1 <main(int, char**)+187>:    add    $0x20,%rax
   0x400ac5 <main(int, char**)+191>:    mov    (%rax),%rax
   0x400ac8 <main(int, char**)+194>:    mov    $0x1,%esi
   0x400acd <main(int, char**)+199>:    mov    %rdx,%rdi
   0x400ad0 <main(int, char**)+202>:    callq  *%rax
...
*/