#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::istringstream;
using std::getline;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  // initialize C++ string from C-string literal
  string s = "Hello world";
  cout << s << endl;

  // can index into strings using [];
  // perform other operations via methods on the string
  cout << s[0] << s[s.length() - 1] << endl;

  // C++ strings do bounds checking, so this fails immediately
  // std::cout << s[-1] << std::endl;

  // can read from a string using a string stream just like cin
  string name = "Jim Glenn";
  istringstream sin{name};
  string first;
  sin >> first; // reading into a string stops at 1st whitespace
  cout << first << endl;

  // use getline function (not method) to read an entire line
  string line;
  cout << "Enter a line" << endl;
  getline(cin, line);
  cout << "You typed: " << line << endl;
}